Throughout the early sixties there was a concerted effort to break with the Hollywood model of rigidly managed filmmaking. But it wasn't until 1967, the year Arthur Penn released Bonnie and Clyde, that the stranglehold visibly weakened. Though Penn worked with a major studio, he had managed to wrangle some autonomy, apparent in his smartly innovative reprise of a well-worn genre. Penn's stylish gangster film had blatantly balletic violence, a pronounced cynicism, and cocky, wardrobe-wise crooks who just slayed younger audiences. Out of this unmuzzled movie rose the New Hollywood, a more independent, quirkier, and attuned cinema that was carried forward by such young directors as Robert Altman, Martin Scorsese, Brian De Palma, William Friedkin, Paul Schrader, and Terrence Malick.
By the time Bonnie and Clyde gunned down expectations, Arthur Penn (1922–2010) had already completed four influential films, notable for their emphasis on strong performance, fluidity of setting, and empathy for cultural moods. Beginning with a youthful Paul Newman in The Left Handed Gun (1958), a pained portrait of Billy the Kid as feral and fatherless, and continuing through Mickey One (1965), an existential noir with Warren Beatty on the lam, and The Chase (1966), with Marlon Brando as a sheriff overwhelmed by emerging unrest in a Texas town, Penn quietly reinvented American cinema, film by film, borrowing an intellectual curiosity from the New Wave and displaying a prodigious trust in his actors. Whether it was the draft-dodging hipsters of Alice's Restaurant (1969), the outraged survivor of the Indian Wars in Little Big Man (1970), or the malaise-muddled private eye of Night Moves (1975), Penn's unparalleled pictures are hopeful testaments to a nation anguished by assassination, war, and betrayal. Join us for A Liberal Helping, nine films from the career of one of America's most prominent directors.