Although early film shows took place in Russia soon after the invention of cinema (Maxim Gorky's “In the Kingdom of Shadows,” published on July 4, 1896, is one of the most beautiful early descriptions of motion pictures), continuous, serious film production was not established in Russia until 1908. Thus, the Russian Ministry of Culture has designated 2008 as the centenary of Russian cinema. We could have devoted an entire year's programming to the occasion and still merely have scratched the surface of this most innovative, contradictory, and always provocative cinema. This series focuses on the work of Mosfilm, the largest and most productive film studio during the Soviet era, and Russia's most important film institution even today. At its height, Mosfilm was the U.S.S.R.'s Hollywood, hosting the most popular stars, creating the most lavish productions, and generally setting the pace for the rest of Soviet cinema. Eisenstein, Romm, Tarkovsky, Konchalovsky, and Shepitko all created masterpieces there, while the extraordinary range of Soviet production was on full display. Alongside the classics, this commemoration showcases Soviet musicals such as the remarkable Tractor Drivers, as well as works like Carnival Night and The Cranes Are Flying that heralded the post-Stalinist cultural thaw.